R: Toxaemia Symptoms in Pregnancy

Toxaemia {vcdExtra} | R Documentation

## Toxaemia Symptoms in Pregnancy

### Description

Brown et al (1983) gave these data on two signs of toxaemia, an abnormal condition during pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure (hypertension) and high levels of protein in the urine. If untreated, both the mother and baby are at risk of complications or death.

The data frame `Toxaemia` represents 13384 expectant mothers in Bradford, England in their first pregnancy, who were also classified according to social class and the number of cigarettes smoked per day.

### Usage

    data(Toxaemia)

### Format

A data frame in frequency form representing a 5 x 3 x 2 x 2 contingency table, with 60 observations on the following 5 variables.

`class`

  Social class of mother, a factor with levels `1` `2` `3` `4` `5`

`smoke`

  Cigarettes smoked per day during pregnancy, a factor with levels `0` `1-19` `20+`

`hyper`

  Hypertension level, a factor with levels `Low` `High`

`urea`

  Protein urea level, a factor with levels `Low` `High`

`Freq`

  frequency in each cell, a numeric vector

### Source

Brown, P. J., Stone, J. and Ord-Smith, C. (1983), Toxaemic signs during pregnancy. JRSS, Series C, Applied Statistics, 32, 69-72

### References

Friendly, M. (2000), Visualizing Categorical Data, SAS Institute, Cary, NC, Example 7.15.

Friendly, M. and Meyer, D. (2016). Discrete Data Analysis with R: Visualization and Modeling Techniques for Categorical and Count Data. Boca Raton, FL: Chapman & Hall/CRC. http://ddar.datavis.ca. Example 10.10.

### Examples

    data(Toxaemia)

    tox.tab <- xtabs(Freq~class+smoke+hyper+urea,Toxaemia)
    ftable(tox.tab, row.vars=1)

    # symptoms by smoking
    mosaic(~smoke+hyper+urea, data=tox.tab, shade=TRUE)

    # symptoms by social class
    mosaic(~class+hyper+urea, data=tox.tab, shade=TRUE)

    # predictors
    mosaic(~smoke+class, data=tox.tab, shade=TRUE)

    # responses
    mosaic(~hyper+urea, data=tox.tab, shade=TRUE)

    # log odds ratios for urea and hypertension, by class and smoke
    ## Not run:
    LOR <-loddsratio(aperm(tox.tab))
    LOR

    ## End(Not run)

[Package vcdExtra version 0.7-1 Index]