R: Annotate areas with hulls

geom_mark_hull {ggforce} | R Documentation

## Annotate areas with hulls

### Description

This geom lets you annotate sets of points via hulls. While convex hulls are most common due to their clear definition, they can lead to large areas covered that does not contain points. Due to this `geom_mark_hull` uses concaveman which lets you adjust concavity of the resulting hull. The hull is calculated at draw time, and can thus change as you resize the plot. In order to clearly contain all points, and for aesthetic purpose the resulting hull is expanded 5mm and rounded on the corners. This can be adjusted with the `expand` and `radius` parameters.

### Usage

    geom_mark_hull(
      mapping = NULL,
      data = NULL,
      stat = "identity",
      position = "identity",
      expand = unit(5, "mm"),
      radius = unit(2.5, "mm"),
      concavity = 2,
      label.margin = margin(2, 2, 2, 2, "mm"),
      label.width = NULL,
      label.minwidth = unit(50, "mm"),
      label.hjust = 0,
      label.fontsize = 12,
      label.family = "",
      label.lineheight = 1,
      label.fontface = c("bold", "plain"),
      label.fill = "white",
      label.colour = "black",
      label.buffer = unit(10, "mm"),
      con.colour = "black",
      con.size = 0.5,
      con.type = "elbow",
      con.linetype = 1,
      con.border = "one",
      con.cap = unit(3, "mm"),
      con.arrow = NULL,
      ...,
      na.rm = FALSE,
      show.legend = NA,
      inherit.aes = TRUE
    )

### Arguments

`mapping` | Set of aesthetic mappings created by `aes()` or `aes_()`. If specified and `inherit.aes = TRUE` (the default), it is combined with the default mapping at the top level of the plot. You must supply `mapping` if there is no plot mapping.
`data` | The data to be displayed in this layer. There are three options: If `NULL`, the default, the data is inherited from the plot data as specified in the call to `ggplot()`. A `data.frame`, or other object, will override the plot data. All objects will be fortified to produce a data frame. See `fortify()` for which variables will be created. A `function` will be called with a single argument, the plot data. The return value must be a `data.frame`, and will be used as the layer data. A `function` can be created from a `formula` (e.g. `~ head(.x, 10)`).
`stat` | The statistical transformation to use on the data for this layer, as a string.
`position` | Position adjustment, either as a string, or the result of a call to a position adjustment function.
`expand` | A numeric or unit vector of length one, specifying the expansion amount. Negative values will result in contraction instead. If the value is given as a numeric it will be understood as a proportion of the plot area width.
`radius` | As `expand` but specifying the corner radius.
`concavity` | A meassure of the concavity of the hull. `1` is very concave while it approaches convex as it grows. Defaults to `2`
`label.margin` | The margin around the annotation boxes, given by a call to `ggplot2::margin()`
`label.width` | A fixed width for the label. Set to `NULL` to let the text or `label.minwidth` decide
`label.minwidth` | The minimum width to provide for the description. If the size of the label exceeds this, the the description is allowed to fill as much as the label
`label.hjust` | The horizontal justification for the annotation. If it contains two elements the first will be used for the label and the second for the description.
`label.fontsize` | The size of the text for the annotation. If it contains two elements the first will be used for the label and the second for the description.
`label.family` | The font family used for the annotation. If it contains two elements the first will be used for the label and the second for the description.
`label.lineheight` | The height of a line as a multipler of the fontsize. If it contains two elements the first will be used for the label and the second for the description.
`label.fontface` | The font face used for the annotation. If it contains two elements the first will be used for the label and the second for the description.
`label.fill` | The fill colour for the annotation box.
`label.colour` | The text colour for the annotation. If it contains two elements the first will be used for the label and the second for the description.
`label.buffer` | The size of the region around the mark where labels cannot be placed.
`con.colour` | The colour for the line connecting the annotation to the mark
`con.size` | The width of the connector
`con.type` | The type of the connector. Either `"elbow"`, `"straight"`, or `"none"`.
`con.linetype` | The linetype of the connector
`con.border` | The bordertype of the connector. Either `"one"` (to draw a line on the horizontal side closest to the mark), `"all"` (to draw a border on all sides), or `"none"` (not going to explain that one)
`con.cap` | The distance before the mark that the line should stop at.
`con.arrow` | An arrow specification for the connection using `grid::arrow()` for the end pointing towards the mark
`...` | Other arguments passed on to `layer()`. These are often aesthetics, used to set an aesthetic to a fixed value, like `colour = "red"` or `size = 3`. They may also be parameters to the paired geom/stat.
`na.rm` | If `FALSE`, the default, missing values are removed with a warning. If `TRUE`, missing values are silently removed.
`show.legend` | logical. Should this layer be included in the legends? `NA`, the default, includes if any aesthetics are mapped. `FALSE` never includes, and `TRUE` always includes. It can also be a named logical vector to finely select the aesthetics to display.
`inherit.aes` | If `FALSE`, overrides the default aesthetics, rather than combining with them. This is most useful for helper functions that define both data and aesthetics and shouldn't inherit behaviour from the default plot specification, e.g. `borders()`.

### Aesthetics

geom_mark_hull understand the following aesthetics (required aesthetics are in bold):

- x

- y

- filter

- label

- description

- color

- fill

- group

- size

- linetype

- alpha

### Annotation

All `geom_mark_*` allows you to put descriptive textboxes connected to the mark on the plot, using the `label` and `description` aesthetics. The textboxes are automatically placed close to the mark, but without obscuring any of the datapoints in the layer. The placement is dynamic so if you resize the plot you'll see that the annotation might move around as areas become big enough or too small to fit the annotation. If there's not enough space for the annotation without overlapping data it will not get drawn. In these cases try resizing the plot, change the size of the annotation, or decrease the buffer region around the marks.

### Filtering

Often marks are used to draw attention to, or annotate specific features of the plot and it is thus not desirable to have marks around everything. While it is possible to simply pre-filter the data used for the mark layer, the `geom_mark_*` geoms also comes with a dedicated `filter` aesthetic that, if set, will remove all rows where it evalutates to `FALSE`. There are multiple benefits of using this instead of prefiltering. First, you don't have to change your data source, making your code more adaptable for exploration. Second, the data removed by the filter aesthetic is remembered by the geom, and any annotation will take care not to overlap with the removed data.

### See Also

Other mark geoms: `geom_mark_circle()`, `geom_mark_ellipse()`, `geom_mark_rect()`

### Examples

    ## requires the concaveman packages
    ggplot(iris, aes(Petal.Length, Petal.Width)) +
      geom_mark_hull(aes(fill = Species, filter = Species != 'versicolor')) +
      geom_point()

    # Adjusting the concavity lets you change the shape of the hull
    ggplot(iris, aes(Petal.Length, Petal.Width)) +
      geom_mark_hull(aes(fill = Species, filter = Species != 'versicolor'),
        concavity = 1
      ) +
      geom_point()

    ggplot(iris, aes(Petal.Length, Petal.Width)) +
      geom_mark_hull(aes(fill = Species, filter = Species != 'versicolor'),
        concavity = 10
      ) +
      geom_point()

    # Add annotation
    ggplot(iris, aes(Petal.Length, Petal.Width)) +
      geom_mark_hull(aes(fill = Species, label = Species)) +
      geom_point()

    # Long descriptions are automatically wrapped to fit into the width
    iris$desc <- c(
      'A super Iris - and it knows it',
      'Pretty mediocre Iris, but give it a couple of years and it might surprise you',
      "You'll never guess what this Iris does every Sunday"
    )[iris$Species]

    ggplot(iris, aes(Petal.Length, Petal.Width)) +
      geom_mark_hull(aes(fill = Species, label = Species, description = desc,
                         filter = Species == 'setosa')) +
      geom_point()

    # Change the buffer size to move labels farther away (or closer) from the
    # marks
    ggplot(iris, aes(Petal.Length, Petal.Width)) +
      geom_mark_hull(aes(fill = Species, label = Species),
                     label.buffer = unit(40, 'mm')) +
      geom_point()

    # The connector is capped a bit before it reaches the mark, but this can be
    # controlled
    ggplot(iris, aes(Petal.Length, Petal.Width)) +
      geom_mark_hull(aes(fill = Species, label = Species),
                     con.cap = 0) +
      geom_point()

[Package ggforce version 0.3.2 Index]