R: Cumulative network of positive affection within a monastery...

sampson {ergm} | R Documentation

## Cumulative network of positive affection within a monastery as a “network” object

### Description

A `network` object containing the cumulative “liking” nominations of Sampson's (1969) monks over the three time points.

### Usage

     data(sampson)

### Details

Sampson (1969) recorded the social interactions among a group of monks while he was a resident as an experimenter at the cloister. During his stay, a political “crisis in the cloister” resulted in the expulsion of four monks– namely, the three "outcasts," Brothers Elias, Simplicius, Basil, and the leader of the "young Turks," Brother Gregory. Not long after Brother Gregory departed, all but one of the "young Turks" left voluntarily: Brothers John Bosco, Albert, Boniface, Hugh, and Mark. Then, all three of the "waverers" also left: First, Brothers Amand and Victor, then later Brother Romuald. Eventually, Brother Peter and Brother Winfrid also left, leaving only four of the original group.

Of particular interest are the data on positive affect relations (“liking,” using the terminology later adopted by White et al. (1976)), in which each monk was asked if he had positive relations to each of the other monks. Each monk ranked only his top three choices (or four, in the case of ties) on “liking”. Here, we consider a directed edge from monk A to monk B to exist if A nominated B among these top choices.

The data were gathered at three times to capture changes in group sentiment over time. They represent three time points in the period during which a new cohort had entered the monastery near the end of the study but before the major conflict began. These three time points are labeled T2, T3, and T4 in Tables D5 through D16 in the appendices of Sampson's 1969 dissertation. The `samplike` data set is the time-aggregated network. Thus, a tie from monk A to monk B exists if A nominated B as one of his three (or four, in case of ties) best friends at any of the three time points.

See also the data sets `samplk1`, `samplk2`, and `samplk3`, containing the networks at each of the three individual time points.

The data set is stored as a `network` object with three vertex attributes:

group

  Groups of novices as classified by Sampson: “Loyal”, “Outcasts”, and “Turks”.

cloisterville

  An indicator of attendance in the minor seminary of “Cloisterville” before coming to the monastery.

vertex.names

  The given names of the novices. NB: These names have been corrected as of `ergm` version 3.6.1; see details below.

In addition, the data set has an edge attribute, `nominations`, giving the number of times (out of 3) that monk A nominated monk B.

This data set is standard in the social network analysis literature, having been modeled by Holland and Leinhardt (1981), Reitz (1982), Holland, Laskey and Leinhardt (1983), Fienberg, Meyer, and Wasserman (1981), and Hoff, Raftery, and Handcock (2002), among others. This is only a small piece of the data collected by Sampson.

This data set was updated for version 2.5 (March 2012) to add the `cloisterville` variable and refine the names. This information is from de Nooy, Mrvar, and Batagelj (2005). The original vertex names were: Romul_10, Bonaven_5, Ambrose_9, Berth_6, Peter_4, Louis_11, Victor_8, Winf_12, John_1, Greg_2, Hugh_14, Boni_15, Mark_7, Albert_16, Amand_13, Basil_3, Elias_17, Simp_18. The numbers indicate the ordering used in the original dissertation of Sampson (1969).

### Mislabeling in Versions Prior to 3.6.1

In `ergm` version 3.6.0 and earlier, The adjacency matrices of the `samplike`, `samplk1`, `samplk2`, and `samplk3` networks reflected the original Sampson (1969) ordering of the names even though the vertex labels used the name order of de Nooy, Mrvar, and Batagelj (2005). That is, in `ergm` version 3.6.0 and earlier, the vertices were mislabeled. The correct order is the same one given in Tables D5, D9, and D13 of Sampson (1969): John Bosco, Gregory, Basil, Peter, Bonaventure, Berthold, Mark, Victor, Ambrose, Romauld (Sampson uses both spellings "Romauld" and "Ramauld" in the dissertation), Louis, Winfrid, Amand, Hugh, Boniface, Albert, Elias, Simplicius. By contrast, the order given in `ergm` version 3.6.0 and earlier is: Ramuald, Bonaventure, Ambrose, Berthold, Peter, Louis, Victor, Winfrid, John Bosco, Gregory, Hugh, Boniface, Mark, Albert, Amand, Basil, Elias, Simplicius.

### Source

Sampson, S.~F. (1968), A novitiate in a period of change: An experimental and case study of relationships, Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Sociology, Cornell University.

http://vlado.fmf.uni-lj.si/pub/networks/data/esna/sampson.htm

### References

White, H.C., Boorman, S.A. and Breiger, R.L. (1976). Social structure from multiple networks. I. Blockmodels of roles and positions. American Journal of Sociology, 81(4), 730-780.

Wouter de Nooy, Andrej Mrvar, Vladimir Batagelj (2005) Exploratory Social Network Analysis with Pajek, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

### See Also

florentine, network, plot.network, ergm

[Package ergm version 3.8.0 Index]