R: Relative Risk

RelRisk {DescTools} | R Documentation

## Relative Risk

### Description

Computes the relative risk and it's confidence intervals. Confidence intervals are calculated using normal approximation (`"wald"`), (`"score"`) or by using oddsratio (`"use.or"`)

### Usage

    RelRisk(x, y = NULL, conf.level = NA,
            method = c("score", "wald", "use.or"), delta = 0.5, ...)

### Arguments

`x` | a numeric vector or a 2x2 numeric matrix, resp. table.
`y` | NULL (default) or a vector with compatible dimensions to `x`. If y is provided, `table(x, y, ...)` will be calculated.
`conf.level` | confidence level. Default is NA, meaning no confidence intervals will be reported.
`method` | method for calculating odds ratio and confidence interval. Can be one out of `"score"`, `"wald"`, `"use.or"`. Default is `"score"`.
`delta` | small constant to be added to the numerator for calculating the log risk ratio (Wald method). Usual choice is 0.5 although there does not seem to be any theory behind this. (Dewey, M. 2006)
`...` | further arguments are passed to the function `table`, allowing i.e. to set useNA.

### Details

This function expects the following table structure:

                         disease=0   disease=1
        exposed=0 (ref)    n00         n01
        exposed=1          n10         n11

If the table to be provided is not in the preferred form, use the function `Rev()` to "reverse" the table rows, -columns, or both.

### Value

If conf.level is not `NA` then the result will be a vector with 3 elements for estimate, lower confidence intervall and upper for the upper one. Else the relative risk will be reported as a single value.

### Author(s)

Andri Signorell <andri@signorell.net>, based on code of Yongyi Min and Michael Dewey

### References

Rothman, K. J. and Greenland, S. (1998) Modern Epidemiology. Lippincott-Raven Publishers

Rothman, K. J. (2002) Epidemiology: An Introduction. Oxford University Press

Jewell, N. P. (2004) Statistics for Epidemiology. 1st Edition, 2004, Chapman & Hall, pp. 73-81

Selvin, S. (1998) Modern Applied Biostatistical Methods Using S-Plus. 1st Edition, Oxford University Press

### See Also

`OddsRatio`

### Examples

    mm <- cbind(c(9,20),c(41,29))
    mm

    RelRisk(t(mm), conf.level=0.95)
    RelRisk(t(mm), conf.level=0.95, method="wald")
    RelRisk(t(mm), conf.level=0.95, method="use.or")

[Package DescTools version 0.99.38 Index]