R: Swiss Fertility and Socioeconomic Indicators (1888) Data

swiss {datasets} | R Documentation

## Swiss Fertility and Socioeconomic Indicators (1888) Data

### Description

Standardized fertility measure and socio-economic indicators for each of 47 French-speaking provinces of Switzerland at about 1888.

### Usage

    swiss

### Format

A data frame with 47 observations on 6 variables, each of which is in percent, i.e., in [0, 100].

[,1] | Fertility | Ig, ‘common standardized fertility measure’
[,2] | Agriculture | % of males involved in agriculture as occupation
[,3] | Examination | % draftees receiving highest mark on army examination
[,4] | Education | % education beyond primary school for draftees.
[,5] | Catholic | % ‘catholic’ (as opposed to ‘protestant’).
[,6] | Infant.Mortality | live births who live less than 1 year.

All variables but ‘Fertility’ give proportions of the population.

### Details

(paraphrasing Mosteller and Tukey):

Switzerland, in 1888, was entering a period known as the demographic transition; i.e., its fertility was beginning to fall from the high level typical of underdeveloped countries.

The data collected are for 47 French-speaking “provinces” at about 1888.

Here, all variables are scaled to [0, 100], where in the original, all but `"Catholic"` were scaled to [0, 1].

### Note

Files for all 182 districts in 1888 and other years have been available at https://opr.princeton.edu/archive/pefp/switz.aspx.

They state that variables `Examination` and `Education` are averages for 1887, 1888 and 1889.

### Source

Project “16P5”, pages 549–551 in

Mosteller, F. and Tukey, J. W. (1977) Data Analysis and Regression: A Second Course in Statistics. Addison-Wesley, Reading Mass.

indicating their source as “Data used by permission of Franice van de Walle. Office of Population Research, Princeton University, 1976. Unpublished data assembled under NICHD contract number No 1-HD-O-2077.”

### References

Becker, R. A., Chambers, J. M. and Wilks, A. R. (1988) The New S Language. Wadsworth & Brooks/Cole.

### Examples

    require(stats); require(graphics)
    pairs(swiss, panel = panel.smooth, main = "swiss data",
          col = 3 + (swiss$Catholic > 50))
    summary(lm(Fertility ~ . , data = swiss))

[Package datasets version 4.0.5 Index]